Avaliação de risco cardiovascular e síndrome metabólica em mulheres com câncer de mama em uso de tamoxifeno / Evaluation of cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome in women with breast cancer using tamoxifen

Introdução: O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais comum no mundo e o mais comum entre as mulheres. Além disso, a doença cardiovascular é a causa mais comum de morte em mulheres. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores de risco cardiovascular e de síndrome metabólica em mulheres com câncer de mama em uso de tamoxifeno. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com mulheres com diagnóstico prévio de câncer de mama. Para o diagnóstico da síndrome metabólica, foram utilizados os critérios da American Heart Association (2009). O risco cardiovascular foi avaliado pelo escore de risco de Framingham. Resultados: A frequência da síndrome metabólica é de 75% (n=24) dos participantes do estudo. A avaliação do risco cardiovascular mostrou que 18,7% (n=6) e 21,9% (n=7) das participantes apresentavam risco intermediário a alto, respectivamente. Conclusão: Conclui-se que mulheres em tratamento para câncer de mama apresentam alta prevalência de síndrome metabólica e fatores de risco cardiovascular, aumentando a mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares neste grupo.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and the most common type among women. In addition, the cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in women. Objective: The objective was to assess cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in women with breast cancer using tamoxifen. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with women with a previous breast cancer diagnosis. For metabolic syndrome diagnosis, the criteria established by the American Heart Association (2009) were used. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Framingham Risk Score Results: The frequency of metabolic syndrome is 75% (n=24) of the study participants. The cardiovascular risk assessment showed that 18.7% (n=6) and 21.9% (n=7) of the participants were at intermediate to high risk, respectively Conclusion: It is concluded that women undergoing breast cancer treatment have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors, increasing mortality from cardiovascular diseases in this group

Análise da prevalência dos fatores de risco cardiovascular em pacientes com fenótipo de hipercolesterolemia familiar / Analysis of prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype

Comparar a prevalência dos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em pacientes com fenótipo de HF com e sem mutação. Métodos: Estudo transversal com pacientes que apresentam níveis de LDL-c ≥ 190 mg/dl e história pessoal ou familiar de hipercolesterolemia com diagnóstico genético positivo ou negativo. Foi aplicado um questionário padronizado para obtenção de informações sobre os fatores de risco cardiovascular (idade, sexo, perfil bioquímico, histórico de DCV, tabagismo, HAS, DM tipo II e estado nutricional). Também foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas e laboratoriais. Os dados foram analisados no software IBM® SPSS® Statistics versão 21 e o nível de significância estatística foi estabelecido em p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram avaliados 103 pacientes de ambos os sexos (67% mulheres) com média de idade de 55,27 ± 15,07 anos. Trinta e três pacientes tinham diagnóstico de HF. A comorbidade mais prevalente foi a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (65,05%), seguida de sobrepeso/obesidade (57,28%) e diabetes mellitus tipo II (26,21%). Conclusão: Portadores de HF apresentaram menor prevalência de FR cardiovasculares, quando comparados com pacientes sem a mutação. No entanto, eles ainda merecem atenção diferenciada e focada no manejo de FR modificáveis, uma vez que a presença de pelo menos um FR já aumenta significantemente o risco CV nessa população

To compare the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with FH phenotype with and without mutation. Methods: A cross-sectional study with patients who present LDL-c levels ≥190mg/dL and a personal or family history of hypercholesterolemia with positive or negative genetic diagnosis. We applied a standardized questionnaire to obtain information on cardiovascular risk factors (age, sex, biochemical profile, history of CVD, smoking, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and nutritional status). Anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were also performed. The data were analyzed using version 21 of the IBM® SPSS® Statistics software and statistical significance was established as p <0.05. Results: We studied 103 patients of both sexes (67% female) with a mean age of 55.27 ± 15.07 years. Thirty-three patients had a diagnosis of FH. The most prevalent comorbidity was systemic hypertension (65.05%), followed by overweight/obesity (57.28%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (26.21%). Conclusion: The population with FH had lower cardiovascular RF prevalence when compared with patients without the mutation. However, they still merit differentiated care focused on the management of modifiable RFs, since the presence of at least one RF already significantly increases the CV risk in this population

Diet Quality of patients with chronic Chagas disease in a tertiary hospital: a case-control study

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Nutritional status has been implicated in the modulation of the immune response, possibly augmenting the pathogenesis of Chagas disease (Cd). We evaluated diet quality and nutritional status in adults and elderly patients with chronic Cd in a tertiary hospital. METHODS: A case-control study of Cd patients was conducted, paired for gender, age, and co-morbidities with non-Cd patients. Anthropometric measurements and food frequency questionnaire was used, and diet quality was assessed by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R). The Estimated Average Requirement cut-off points were used to determine the dietary micronutrient adequacy. The Cd group was further grouped according to Los Andes classification. RESULTS: The study participants were 67 ± 10 years old, 73.6% elderly and 63% female. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and abdominal fat was high in both groups; however, Cd group showed a lower prevalence of obesity and increased risk of disease according to waist circumference classification. There was no difference in BHEI-R score between groups (p=0.145). The Cd group had sodium and saturated fat intake above recommendations and low intake of unsaturated fat, vitamin D, E, selenium, magnesium, and dairy products; but higher intake of iron. According to Los Andes classification, group III presented lower intake of whole fruit and dietary fiber. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Cd were overweight and the quality of their diet was unsatisfactory based on the recommended diet components for age and sex.